Please Note: Due to scheduled electrical maintenance by the University of Guelph, BOLD Systems will have reduced analysis capacity from June 6, 2025 12:00 pm until June 9, 2025 10:30 am EDT.
You've been logged out. Click here to log back in.
full article at Wikipedia
![(Aphaenogaster MAS001 - 08COSTA-0836) @16 [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved Unspecified Unspecified](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ACGAB/08COSTA-0836%2B1248187652.JPG "(Aphaenogaster MAS001 - 08COSTA-0836) {} [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster acuta - CASENT0073384-D01) @13 [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved Unspecified Unspecified](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASAMF/casent0063309_p_1_med%2B1262817196.jpg "(Aphaenogaster acuta - CASENT0073384-D01) {} [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster aff. dromedaria - PK-EE159) @12 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2011) Milan Janda Czech Academy of Sciences](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASPNA/PK-EE159-frontal-w-0%2B1290253534.jpg "(Aphaenogaster aff. dromedaria - PK-EE159) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2011)")
![(Aphaenogaster aktaci - MM20C131a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM20C131a1%2B1655746925.jpg "(Aphaenogaster aktaci - MM20C131a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster albisetosa - 09BBUSA-F0362) @15 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2010) CBG Photography Group Centre for Biodiversity Genomics](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/USFOR/09bbusa-f0362%2B1278074364.jpg "(Aphaenogaster albisetosa - 09BBUSA-F0362) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2010)")
![(Aphaenogaster arachnoides - Neiv43gAph) @14 [ ] No Rights Reserved Christoph von Beeren TU Darmstadt](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/APREY/Neiv43gAph_lateral%2B1539282116.jpg "(Aphaenogaster arachnoides - Neiv43gAph) {} [ ] No Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster araneoides - DAF0088) @14 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2013) David A. Donoso UTPL](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/BCIFO/DAF0088_lateral%2B1377119937.jpg "(Aphaenogaster araneoides - DAF0088) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2013)")
![(Aphaenogaster atlantis - KG03701H01a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/KG03701H01a1%2B1655745308.jpg "(Aphaenogaster atlantis - KG03701H01a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster balcanica - MM21D413a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21D413a1%2B1655744910.jpg "(Aphaenogaster balcanica - MM21D413a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster campana - MM17A257a1) @11 [ ] Copyright (2021) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM17A257a1%2B1624011655.jpg "(Aphaenogaster campana - MM17A257a1) {} [ ] Copyright (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster cardenai - MM21D014a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21D014a1%2B1655744612.jpg "(Aphaenogaster cardenai - MM21D014a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster cecconii - MM20C104a2) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM20C104a2%2B1655746899.jpg "(Aphaenogaster cecconii - MM20C104a2) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster cf. festae - MM21C605a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.34 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21C605a1%2B1655744269.jpg "(Aphaenogaster cf. festae - MM21C605a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.34 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster cf. ichnusa - RVcoll17S454c1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/RVcoll17S454c1%2B1655745702.jpg "(Aphaenogaster cf. ichnusa - RVcoll17S454c1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster cf. sporadis - MM21B276a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B276a1%2B1655746643.jpg "(Aphaenogaster cf. sporadis - MM21B276a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster cf. subterranea - MM21B044a2) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B044a2%2B1655748214.jpg "(Aphaenogaster cf. subterranea - MM21B044a2) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster charesi - MM21B270a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B270a1%2B1655746312.jpg "(Aphaenogaster charesi - MM21B270a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster dejeani - RVcoll17S044a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/RVcoll17S044a1%2B1655745578.jpg "(Aphaenogaster dejeani - RVcoll17S044a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster dulciniae - UM-AACC-0175) @11 [ ] by-nc-sa (2022) Thibaud Decaëns Universite Montpellier, CEFE Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/UMAAC/B3K_Aphaenogaster_dulcinae%2B1641321766.jpg "(Aphaenogaster dulciniae - UM-AACC-0175) {} [ ] by-nc-sa (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster epirotes - MM21B015a1) @11 [ ] Copyright (2021) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B015a1%2B1613137196.jpg "(Aphaenogaster epirotes - MM21B015a1) {} [ ] Copyright (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster espadaleri - KG03693A01a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/KG03693A01a1%2B1655745306.jpg "(Aphaenogaster espadaleri - KG03693A01a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster festae - BFUS-I-AG000524) @11 [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved (2023) Albena Gjonova Sofia University](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/BGANT/BFUS-I-AG000524%2B1675538784.jpg "(Aphaenogaster festae - BFUS-I-AG000524) {} [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved (2023)")
![(Aphaenogaster finzii - MM21B660a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B660a1%2B1655747271.jpg "(Aphaenogaster finzii - MM21B660a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster fiorii - MM21B670a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B670a1%2B1655748111.jpg "(Aphaenogaster fiorii - MM21B670a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster fulva-rudis-texana complex - JJ-O4-01) @15 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2011) M. Alex Smith Centre for Biodiversity Genomics](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASKBB/24G._JJ-O4-01%2B1396454416.jpg "(Aphaenogaster fulva-rudis-texana complex - JJ-O4-01) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2011)")
![(Aphaenogaster gibbosa - MM19A152a1) @11 [ ] Copyright (2021) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM19A152a1%2B1624034698.jpg "(Aphaenogaster gibbosa - MM19A152a1) {} [ ] Copyright (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster gonacantha - CASENT0049808-D01) @13 [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved Unspecified Unspecified](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASAMI/casent0107566_p_1_med%2B1262817196.jpg "(Aphaenogaster gonacantha - CASENT0049808-D01) {} [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster graeca - MM21D396b1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21D396b1%2B1655744881.jpg "(Aphaenogaster graeca - MM21D396b1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster iberica - MM21A201b1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21A201b1%2B1655748202.jpg "(Aphaenogaster iberica - MM21A201b1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster ichnusa - 17S606) @11 [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2020) S. Schär; M. Menchetti; E. Schifani Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/AEANT/9%2B1586119882.jpg "(Aphaenogaster ichnusa - 17S606) {} [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2020)")
![(Aphaenogaster illyrica - MM21B049a1) @11 [ ] Copyright (2021) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B049a1%2B1613645360.jpg "(Aphaenogaster illyrica - MM21B049a1) {} [ ] Copyright (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster italica - MM21B695a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B695a1%2B1655748122.jpg "(Aphaenogaster italica - MM21B695a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster japonica - SJU352) @11 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Share-Alike (2016) Unspecified Sang-ji University](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/SJUF/SJU352%2B1451597508.jpg "(Aphaenogaster japonica - SJU352) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Share-Alike (2016)")
![(Aphaenogaster jolantae - MM21B226a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B226a1%2B1655746624.jpg "(Aphaenogaster jolantae - MM21B226a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster karpathica - LBC_GR01343) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/LBC_GR01343%2B1655748399.jpg "(Aphaenogaster karpathica - LBC_GR01343) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster lesbica - MM21B035a1) @11 [ ] Copyright (2021) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B035a1%2B1613407470.jpg "(Aphaenogaster lesbica - MM21B035a1) {} [ ] Copyright (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster longiceps - ww16107) @14 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2012) Holger Loecker Orange Agricultural Institute, NSW DPI](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTNG/ww16107_habitus_lateral_G2_139_scaled%2B1338321998.jpg "(Aphaenogaster longiceps - ww16107) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2012)")
![(Aphaenogaster miniata - KG03603A01a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/KG03603A01a1%2B1655745283.jpg "(Aphaenogaster miniata - KG03603A01a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster muelleriana - MM20B107a1) @11 [ ] Copyright (2021) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM20B107a1%2B1614246796.jpg "(Aphaenogaster muelleriana - MM20B107a1) {} [ ] Copyright (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster muschtaidica - KG03746A01a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/KG03746A01a1%2B1655748472.jpg "(Aphaenogaster muschtaidica - KG03746A01a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster nadigi - KG03601A01a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/KG03601A01a1%2B1655745282.jpg "(Aphaenogaster nadigi - KG03601A01a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster occidentalis - GJU-04-034) @14 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2012) CBG Photography Group Centre for Biodiversity Genomics](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/GANA/gju_04-034%2B1347914632.JPG "(Aphaenogaster occidentalis - GJU-04-034) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2012)")
![(Aphaenogaster ovaticeps - MM17A257b1) @11 [ ] Copyright (2021) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM17A257b1%2B1624011654.jpg "(Aphaenogaster ovaticeps - MM17A257b1) {} [ ] Copyright (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster pallida - 17S599) @11 [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2020) S. Schär; M. Menchetti; E. Schifani Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/AEANT/2%2B1586119880.jpg "(Aphaenogaster pallida - 17S599) {} [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2020)")
![(Aphaenogaster peloponnesiaca - RM3_828) @11 [ ] (by-nc-nd) (2025) Unspecified Università degli Studi Roma Tre](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/BCEMI/LATERALE_828%2B1741860414.jpg "(Aphaenogaster peloponnesiaca - RM3_828) {} [ ] (by-nc-nd) (2025)")
![(Aphaenogaster phalangium - BIOUG85540-C03) @11 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2022) Centre for Biodiversity Genomics Centre for Biodiversity Genomics](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/CRANT/BIOUG85540-C03%2B1661950528.jpg "(Aphaenogaster phalangium - BIOUG85540-C03) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster picea - BIOUG07487-B07) @15 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2011) Unspecified Centre for Biodiversity Genomics](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASAFR/BIOUG07487-B07%2B1393270838.JPG "(Aphaenogaster picea - BIOUG07487-B07) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2011)")
![(Aphaenogaster picena - MEBAN15) @11 [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Share-Alike (2021) Lucija Seric Jelaska University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/MEDB/MEBAN15_1.1%2B1611077660.jpg "(Aphaenogaster picena - MEBAN15) {} [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Share-Alike (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster punctaticeps - UAIC1052007) @11 [ ] by (2021) Wendy Moore University of Arizona Insect Collection](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/UAIC/UAIC1052007_Aphaenogaster_punctaticeps_face_65mm2_5x_compedit%2B1627140424.jpg "(Aphaenogaster punctaticeps - UAIC1052007) {} [ ] by (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster radchenkoi - MM21D394a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21D394a1%2B1655744872.jpg "(Aphaenogaster radchenkoi - MM21D394a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster rudis - BIOUG05528-A06) @16 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2013) CBG Photography Group Centre for Biodiversity Genomics](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/SMTPC/BIOUG05528-A06%2B1368719142.jpg "(Aphaenogaster rudis - BIOUG05528-A06) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2013)")
![(Aphaenogaster rugosoferruginea - MM20C095a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM20C095a1%2B1655746891.jpg "(Aphaenogaster rugosoferruginea - MM20C095a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster sahafina - CASENT0067124-D01) @13 [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved Unspecified Unspecified](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASAMI/casent0067124_p_1_med%2B1262817184.jpg "(Aphaenogaster sahafina - CASENT0067124-D01) {} [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster sardoa - MM18A050a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.69 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM18A050a1%2B1655747664.jpg "(Aphaenogaster sardoa - MM18A050a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.69 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster semipolita - 17S601) @11 [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2020) S. Schär; M. Menchetti; E. Schifani Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/AEANT/4%2B1586119881.jpg "(Aphaenogaster semipolita - 17S601) {} [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2020)")
![(Aphaenogaster senilis - KG01924Ba1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/KG01924Ba1%2B1655745226.jpg "(Aphaenogaster senilis - KG01924Ba1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster sicula - MM21B705c1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B705c1%2B1655748135.jpg "(Aphaenogaster sicula - MM21B705c1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster simonellii - RVcoll17C003a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/RVcoll17C003a1%2B1655745493.jpg "(Aphaenogaster simonellii - RVcoll17C003a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster sp - NCSU-DF0020) @14 [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved Unspecified Unspecified](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/DUNN/NCSU-DF0020P%2B1246301630.JPG "(Aphaenogaster sp - NCSU-DF0020) {} [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster sp. 1 - EM773) @11 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2018) David Donoso Escuela Politécnica Nacional](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/WANFO/EM773_HEAD%2B1510702828.JPG "(Aphaenogaster sp. 1 - EM773) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2018)")
![(Aphaenogaster sp. 3 - RM3_823) @11 [ ] (by-nc-nd) (2025) Unspecified Università degli Studi Roma Tre](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/BCEMI/LATERALE_823%2B1741786728.jpg "(Aphaenogaster sp. 3 - RM3_823) {} [ ] (by-nc-nd) (2025)")
![(Aphaenogaster sp1 - YB-BCI8784) @11 [ ] No Rights Reserved Unspecified Unspecified](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/BCIFO/HYFORM-00000000-BCI8784-P%2B1374079954.JPG "(Aphaenogaster sp1 - YB-BCI8784) {} [ ] No Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster spinosa - MM18A202a1) @11 [ ] Copyright (2021) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM18A202a1%2B1624011419.jpg "(Aphaenogaster spinosa - MM18A202a1) {} [ ] Copyright (2021)")
![(Aphaenogaster splendida - 17S603) @11 [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2020) S. Schär; M. Menchetti; E. Schifani Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/AEANT/6%2B1586119881.jpg "(Aphaenogaster splendida - 17S603) {} [ ] CreativeCommons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2020)")
![(Aphaenogaster sporadis - MM20C157a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM20C157a1%2B1655746946.jpg "(Aphaenogaster sporadis - MM20C157a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster strioloides - MM21B664a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21B664a1%2B1655746333.jpg "(Aphaenogaster strioloides - MM21B664a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster subterranea - BC-MTP-00024) @13 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2016) T. Decaëns University of Montpellier](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANFMB/AMBA0139%2B1458175294.JPG "(Aphaenogaster subterranea - BC-MTP-00024) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2016)")
![(Aphaenogaster subterraneoides - MM21D231a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/MM21D231a1%2B1655747356.jpg "(Aphaenogaster subterraneoides - MM21D231a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster swammerdami - CASENT0057190-D01) @13 [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved Unspecified Unspecified](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASAMI/casent0489647_p_1_med%2B1262817196.jpg "(Aphaenogaster swammerdami - CASENT0057190-D01) {} [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster tennesseensis - JJ-B4-02) @15 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2011) M. Alex Smith Centre for Biodiversity Genomics](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASKBB/3D._JJ-B4-02%2B1396447492.jpg "(Aphaenogaster tennesseensis - JJ-B4-02) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2011)")
![(Aphaenogaster texana - CASENT0007065-D01) @13 [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved Unspecified Unspecified](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ASCAS/casent0103338_p_1_med%2B1262817180.jpg "(Aphaenogaster texana - CASENT0007065-D01) {} [ ] Unspecified (default): All Rights Reserved")
![(Aphaenogaster torossiani - KG03688A01a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/KG03688A01a1%2B1655745305.jpg "(Aphaenogaster torossiani - KG03688A01a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
![(Aphaenogaster treatae - GJU_03-044) @15 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2012) CBG Photography Group Centre for Biodiversity Genomics](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/GANA/gju_03-044%2B1347914474.JPG "(Aphaenogaster treatae - GJU_03-044) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution (2012)")
![(Aphaenogaster trinacriae - BC-MTP-00163) @14 [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2017) Rumsaïs Blatrix CEFE Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANFMB/BC-MTP-00163%2B1496402294.jpg "(Aphaenogaster trinacriae - BC-MTP-00163) {} [ ] CreativeCommons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike (2017)")
![(Aphaenogaster wilsoni - KG03614D01a1) @11 [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022) Mattia Menchetti, Institute of Evolutionary Biology Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab](http://uni.boldsystems.org/pics/_w70/ANTEU/KG03614D01a1%2B1655745284.jpg "(Aphaenogaster wilsoni - KG03614D01a1) {} [ ] CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 (2022)")
